Fazal Masood Malik and Farhan Khokhar, Canada
The question of women’s rights has long been a contentious issue, with debates often swinging between the realms of religion and secular society. Each side seeks to establish its superiority in promoting women’s liberation. This controversy is not unique to any single faith but is a subject of debate among various religions, each aiming to demonstrate its egalitarian principles.
While other faiths may quarrel over theology, Islam speaks with one voice: “But whoso does good works, whether male or female, and is a believer, such shall enter Heaven, and shall not be wronged even [as much as] the little hollow in the back of a date-stone.” (Surah an-Nisa‘, Ch.4: V.125). The Holy Quran very clearly indicates that righteousness alone elevates an individual’s spiritual station; gender plays no role.
Despite this divine decree, questions remain about how effectively contemporary society adheres to the principle of gender equality, as enshrined in various constitutions and religious teachings. Issues such as pay equity and pregnancy rights continue to demand our attention and action.
In Islam, women are recognised for their pivotal role in the perpetuation of humanity, a role that remains unaltered through time. The financial responsibility of raising one’s family is placed upon the man, and although the woman’s main priority is raising children, alongside that she’s given the freedom to choose her path. How is then a woman to prioritise her role as a nurturer, particularly during the formative years of a child’s life?
The moral and intellectual development occurring in early childhood undoubtedly represents one of humanity’s most consequential phases. A child deprived of maternal care risks permanent developmental impairment. For example, the first three years of life constitute a protected period wherein a woman need not balance competing priorities. Society must support mothers in focusing exclusively on nurturing during this critical window.
The question then arises: how can society support a mother in her role? The answer lies in providing equal education and ensuring that she does not have to worry about provisions while nurturing her child. Expanding workplace protections – including legislating minimum maternity leave – coupled with subsidised childcare programmes and flex work options can help relieve the burden currently falling on women seeking both a family and a career. Similarly, fields such as law, business, technology, and government should actively recruit and promote qualified women to normalise their participation and leadership in areas traditionally dominated by men.
In the political or business sphere, there is no religious barrier preventing women from assuming leadership roles. Islam encourages men and women to excel in all fields, especially those which can directly benefit the growth of humanity. (Surah al-Maidah Ch.5: V.49)
To truly comprehend the Quranic concept of gender roles and equity, it is imperative to examine many verses of the Holy Quran dealing with women in society holistically and interpret them within their proper social context.
Equity means giving people access to the same opportunities by accounting for the challenges and barriers that make it more difficult for some groups. Equality means treating everyone the same without addressing circumstances. The key distinction is that equality focuses on equal treatment, while equity focuses on ensuring equal access to opportunity so that all individuals and groups can reach equal outcomes. The Holy Quran promotes the concept of equity.
Understanding this difference is crucial because the individual verses of the Holy Quran1 are not standalone texts but part of a larger narrative that promotes a just society based on the inherent nature of humanity. When verses are interpreted in isolation and out of their proper context, they can lead to misinterpretations of gender roles in the Quran. Such misinterpretations can foster theories of women’s physical and intellectual inferiority, resulting in women’s legal and social subordination.
The Quranic concept of gender equity is nuanced. It advocates for a society where women are respected, valued, and given the opportunity to fulfil their potential, whether as mothers, professionals, or leaders. It is a vision of a society where equality is not just a constitutional right but a lived reality. This interpretation aligns with the broader Islamic principles of justice and fairness, emphasising that all individuals, regardless of gender, are equal in the eyes of God and should be treated as such in society.
References:
- Surah al-Baqarah Ch.2: V.188, Surah al-Baqarah Ch.2: V.223-224, Surah al-Baqarah Ch.2: V.229, Surah al-Baqarah Ch.2: V.234, Surah Aal-e-‘Imran Ch.3: V.15, Surah Aal-e-‘Imran Ch.3: V.196, Surah an-Nisa‘ Ch.4: V.8, Surah an-Nisa‘ Ch.4: V.20, Surah an-Nisa‘ Ch.4: V.22, Surah an-Nisa‘ Ch.4: V.26, Surah an-Nisa‘ Ch.4: V.33, Surah an-Nisa‘ Ch.4: V.35, Surah an-Nisa‘ Ch.4: V.36, Surah an-Nisa‘ Ch.4: V.125, Surah an-Nisa‘ Ch.4: V.128-131, Surah an-Nisa‘ Ch.4: V.177, Surah an-Nahl Ch.16: V.59-60, Surah an-Nahl Ch.16: V.98, Surah an-Nur Ch.24: V.32, Surah an-Nur Ch.24: V.61, Surah al-Ahzab Ch.33: V.36, Surah al-Ahzab Ch.33: V.60, Surah al-Mu’min Ch.40: V.41, Surah al-Mumtahinah Ch.60: V.13, Surah at-Talaq Ch.65: V.7-8
