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Prophecies of the Promised Messiah a.s.: Were Ahmadis affected by the plague in India?

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Opponents often level an allegation against the Jamaat and Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the Promised Messiahas that Ahmadis were also affected by the plague and that it is falsely said that Ahmadis were either entirely safeguarded from the plague or only a handful of Ahmadis fell victim to it as compared to the casualties of other individuals in the plague affected regions. 

Opponents claim that there is no evidence of this assertion that Ahmadis were completely saved from the plague and in fact the total number of Ahmadis in the year of the plague did not exceed 300, hence, they ask, what comparison do 300 individuals possess with the remaining millions of people present in India?

The opponents deceitfully raise the above allegation as no reference is provided from the writings of the Promised Messiahas or any Khalifa which supports their claim, that according to the Jamaat, not a single Ahmadi life was lost during the outbreak of plague.

Below is the extract of the Promised Messiahas that the opponents present to reinforce this assertion:

“Several members of our Jamaat mistakenly declare that not a single member of our Jamaat will pass away [from the plague], but this is a huge misunderstanding and an improbability. Although Allah the Almighty has promised to a certain degree [that our Jamaat will be safeguarded] but it does not mean that nobody at all from our Jamaat will be affected by the plague. Our Jamaat must bear this fact in mind that Allah the Almighty has certainly not promised that none among us would pass away [from the plague]. Surely, Allah the Almighty states:

أَمَّا مَا يَنْفَعُ النَّاسَ فَيَمْكُثُ فِي الْأَرْضِ

“‘As to that which benefits men, it stays on the earth’ (Surah al-Ra‘d, Ch.13: V.18), hence those persons who make themselves beneficial to mankind, Allah the Almighty will prolong their lives. Act mercifully towards the creation of Allah the Almighty; the rights of mankind must be fulfilled in their entirety.” (Malfuzat, Vol. 5, pp. 123-124 [2016])

The above mentioned statement was made by the founder of the Ahmadiyya Jamaat on 9 May 1903 which clearly states, “Our Jamaat must bear this fact in mind that Allah the Almighty has certainly not promised that none among us would pass away [from the plague]”, thereby contradicting with the fraudulent claims of the opponents which indicate that members of the Jamaat hold this view that not one Ahmadi was affected by the plague. The accusation of the opponents is quite contrary to the claims of the Promised Messiahas.

Secondly, the opponents demand factual proof which shows that only a handful of Ahmadis suffered from the outbreak of the plague in comparison to others and put emphasis on their fabricated deposition by saying that Ahmadis were only 300 when the plague spread, and to draw their comparison with millions of individuals belonging to India appears irrational.

It would have been more reasonable and rational if the opponents had provided a factual statistical analysis from history to prove their claim and to falsify the Jamaat’s point of view. However, they do not present a single historical reference in their support, and it is impossible for them to do so because there is no basis to their fictitious assertions.

Now we present those facts which show that Ahmadis were far less affected by the outbreak of plague than anyone else. Moreover, we will highlight the actual claim of the Promised Messiahas regarding the plague.

The opponents point out that the total number of Ahmadis was only 300 at the time of the plague. A detailed response to this allegation has been recorded in an earlier article of Responding to Allegations series, under the heading The Ahmadiyya Jamaat shall prevail (Prophecies of the Promised Messiahas – Part VII) A look at the figures of the Jamaat in the time of the Promised Messiahas and it has been clearly proven through external sources that Ahmadis were not just 300 in the years of the plague epidemic, but in fact they numbered in thousands.

However, if for instance we consider the viewpoint of the opponents to be true that the entire Jamaat comprised of 300 individuals in the years of the plague, it would certainly support the perspective of the Jamaat and the founder of Ahmadiyyat that merely a handful of Ahmadis were afflicted by the plague because had it not been the case, the Jamaat would have been totally wiped out from the face of earth. Hence, a huge rise in the number of Ahmadis and the spread of Ahmadiyyat in more than 200 countries and territories of the world clearly proves the fact that Ahmadis were surely safeguarded from the plague in large numbers.

Moreover, opponents admit on other occasions that the increase in the number of Ahmadis stopped in the year 1906 and their number did not exceed the figure of 400,000, as though they acknowledge the fact that Ahmadis rose in number from 300 to 400,000 after the plague epidemic.

Opponents not only hide facts but also the actual claim of the founder of the Ahmadiyya Jamaat that he presented with respect to the prophecy of the plague. The Promised Messiahas, while explaining the following revelation:

إِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَا يُغَيِّرُ مَا بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّىٰ يُغَيِّرُوْا مَا بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ۔ اِنَّہُ اٰوَی الْقَرْیَۃَ

“Allah does not bring about a change in the condition of a people until they bring about a change in their own lives. He will give shelter to the town [after it has suffered a little]” that he received about the plague, states in his book Dafi‘-ul-Bala (1902):

Awa is an Arabic word that means ‘safeguarding from destruction and disorder’, and ‘taking into one’s protection’. This is a sign pointing to the fact that among the types of plague the most dreadful type is the one called ta‘un-e-jarif – meaning, ‘the sweeper’ – from which people flee from place to place and die like dogs. The situation is beyond the limits of human tolerance. Thus, this divine revelation contains the promise that this condition will never affect Qadian. This revelation’s interpretation is provided by another revelation:

لَوْ لَا الْاِکْرَامُ لَھَلَکَ الْمُقَامُ

Meaning that, had Allah not held this Movement in high regard, then He would have destroyed Qadian as well. Two points are gleaned from this revelation: First, it would not matter if Qadian were to experience an incident on rare occasions – which is within the bounds of human tolerance, does not wreak havoc and does not induce a panic-driven exodus – because such an extremely rare occurrence amounts to nothing. Second, it is necessary that a devastating plague must break out in those cities and villages which, in comparison with Qadian, house the extremely rebellious, wicked, oppressive, corrupt, immoral and dangerous opponents of this Movement, to such a degree that people will lose their senses, and run in every direction. In accordance with its vastness, I have the defined the word awa in this manner. I claim with conviction that ta‘un-e-jarif, which empties and swallows villages entirely, shall never break out in Qadian. In contrast, however, in other cities and villages, where the oppressive and corrupt are, dreadful scenes are sure to manifest. In the entire world, it is Qadian alone for which this promise was made.” (Defence Against the Plague and a Criterion for the Elect of God, pp. 11-12 [English Translation of Dafi-ul-Bala])

Regarding the above-mentioned explanation of the Promised Messiahas, opponents of the Jamaat allege that anyone can present a similar claim. However, during the outbreak of plague, the statements of the people are recorded by the Promised Messiahas in the same book Dafi‘-ul-Bala where he states:

“I have heard that when the plague first broke out in Bombay, the initial view of the people was that this was a miracle of Imam Hussain because the epidemic first broke out among certain Hindus who had been in dispute with the Shiites. But when the same disease broke out among the Shiites, their slogans calling upon Imam Hussain abated. Such are the ideas that the Muslims have proposed to eradicate the plague.

“The Christian viewpoint is illustrated by a recent announcement published by Reverend [Herbert Udny] Weitbrecht and his organisation. It is proposed that there is no means of eradicating the plague other than to believe in the Messiah [i.e. Jesusas] as god and to accept his atonement.

“Among the Hindus, members of the Arya sect are vehemently proclaiming that the calamity of the plague is caused by the neglect of the Vedas. They call upon the believers of all other faiths to accept the ‘true teachings’ of the Vedas and – God forbid – denounce all the prophets as impostors. They claim that this measure would avert the plague.

“Then, there is the Sanatan Dharam sect of the Hindus. This sect has suggested an altogether different idea for eradicating the plague – which I would have missed, had I not read the newspaper Akhbar-e-Am. Their view is that the calamity of the plague has broken out due to the [sacrilege of the] cow. If the government were to pass a law prohibiting the slaughter of cattle forever in this country, this would effectively eradicate the plague. In fact, at another place in the same newspaper it is reported that a person even heard a cow saying that the plague has come to this country because of it.” (Defence Against the Plague and a Criterion for the Elect of God, pp. 9-10)

Contrary to the statements of various religions, the Promised Messiahas declares the prophecy of the plague, vouchsafed to him by Allah the Almighty, a criterion to ascertain the truth or falsehood of all religions. The Promised Messiahas states:

“Now, should anyone deny this Messenger of God Almighty and this sign, and if anyone believes that only superficial observances of prayer and supplication, or worship of the Messiah, or blessings of the cow, or belief in the Vedas – despite opposition, enmity, and disobedience towards this Messenger – will quell the plague, then such an opinion, unless supported by evidence, is not worthy of acceptance. Hence, a truly excellent opportunity now presents itself to any individual from among all these sects who wishes to furnish proof in support of the truthfulness of their respective faith. It is as if God has provided an exhibition hall so that the truthfulness or falsehood of every religion can be demonstrated. And God Himself took the initiative to put forth the name of Qadian [in order to establish its truth].

“Now if the Arya people consider the Vedas to be true, they should prophesy that their Parmeshwar [God] will protect Benares from the plague, for it is the true seat of Vedic learning. Similarly, the people of Sanatan Dharam should prophesy that the plague will not enter a city where cows are found in large numbers. For example, they could foretell that Amritsar would be saved because of the blessings of the cow. If the cow should exhibit this miracle, it would be wholly understandable if the government enforced a ban on the slaughter of such a wondrous animal. Similarly, Christians should prophesy that the plague will not afflict Calcutta because the great bishop of British India resides there. In the same way, Mian Shams-ud-Din and members of his Anjuman Himayat-e-Islam should make a prophecy about Lahore, that it shall remain protected against the plague. And the accountant, Munshi Ilahi Baksh, who claims to receive revelation, has an opportunity to aid the Anjuman-e-Himayat-e Islam by making a prophecy concerning [the protection of] Lahore. It would also be appropriate for Abdul-Jabbar and Abdul-Haqq to make a prophecy concerning the city of Amritsar. Moreover, since Wahhabism prevails in Delhi, it would be appropriate for Nadhir Hussain and Muhammad Hussain to make a prophecy that Delhi shall remain protected from the plague. So, in this way, the whole of the Punjab will be delivered from this fatal disease. And the government too will be absolved of its responsibility at no cost. But should they fail to do so, it will perforce be determined that the true God is He who has raised His Messenger in Qadian.” (Defence against the Plague and a Criterion for the Elect of God, pp. 18-19)

Lastly, we present the challenge of the Promised Messiahas which he issued regarding the plague:

“I swear by God Almighty that I am the Promised Messiah. I am the one who was promised by the Prophets. The Torah, the Gospel and the Holy Quran all give news about me and the era of my advent and expound that, in the heavens, the moon and the sun would be eclipsed at the time of my appearance, and a terrible plague would befall the land. This is my sign; each and every opponent – whether he lives in Amroha or Amritsar, whether in Delhi or Calcutta, whether in Lahore, Golra or Batala – if any of them should swear on oath that their area of residence shall remain free from the plague, then it will surely be swept up by the plague, for they would have committed insolence against God Almighty.” (Defence against the Plague and a Criterion for the Elect of God, pp. 29-30)

(Research conducted by a panel of scholars at the Research Cell, Rabwah. Translated by Al Hakam)

Khilafat Day in Canada

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S Mukarram Nazeer

Canada Correspondent

To celebrate 111 years of Khilafat-e-Ahmadiyya, Jamaat Canada held Jalsa Khilafat Day across the country. Below are details of the events for some of the larger Jalsas:

Combined event for Peel and Vaughan Jamaats

The biggest event was held at the Baitul Islam Mosque complex. Members of Peel and Vaughan Jamaats attended.  Amir Jamaat Canada, Lal Khan Malik Sahib presided the session.

The programme started with the recitation of the Holy Quran followed by its translation in English and Urdu. This was followed by a poem and its English translation. Amir Sahib Canada gave the opening address and highlighted the importance and significance of Khilafat Ahmadiyya. 

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The first speech was delivered by Tahir Ahmad Mian Sahib on the topic of Khilafat and Unity in Islam. Imtiaz Sara Sahib then elaborated on the Blessings of Khilafat.

Thereafter, a choral poem was recited by Fateen Riaz Sahib and Farrukh Tahir Sahib.

The concluding speech was delivered by Mirza Muhammad Afzal Sahib on Obedience to Khilafat. National Amir Sahib made the concluding remarks and the Jalsa ended with silent prayer. The event saw a total attendance of 1,525 members. Iftari and dinner was served to all.

Calgary

Calgary’s Bait-un-Noor mosque held the second largest Khilafat Day event in Canada. The recitation of the Holy Quran was followed by English and Urdu translations. A poem with English translation was also recited.

A video on Khilafat for Mankind was shown. An interesting quiz competition on Al-Wasiyyat was conducted by Zahid Abid Sahib and was appreciated by the audience. Asif Arif Sahib gave the main speech on the topic of Importance of Personal Relationship with Khalifa.The Jalsa concluded with silent prayer by the Amir of Calgary, Majeed Ahmad Meer Sahib. The total attendance was 1,150 members. After the event, iftari and dinner was served to guests.

Weston

In Weston, tilawat and poems were followed by their translations. A video on the importance of Khilafat was shown. Speakers highlighted the blessings of Khilafat for Jamaat-e-Ahmadiyya. The total attendance was 1,032 members.

Vancouver

On the west coast of Canada, Bait-ur-Rahman mosque Vancouver welcomed Ahmadis to the Jalsa. Atfal who went to meet Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Vaa in London in March 2019 shared their experiences of spending time with their beloved Imam.

A speech in English was made by Sabahat Sahib on unique aspects of the leadership of Khilafat. A video showing the visit of Khulafa to Vancouver was shown. The concluding speech was made by Amir Vancouver, Naeem Ahmad Lakhan Sahib on Tahrik-e-Jadid; A Divine Scheme. 670 members attended the event, after which iftari and dinner was served to all.

Mississauga

Baitul-Hamd Mosque was the venue for the Jalsa in Mississauga. Tilawat and poem were followed by their respective translations. Missionary of Mississauga, Sadiq Ahmad Sahib spoke on the topic of Khilafat is a Blessing.  Amir Mississauga Jamaat, Ahsan Gardezi Sahib gave the concluding address. 600 in total attended the event.

Toronto

For Toronto Jamaat, Jalsas were held at local levels.  This allowed members to attend their local namaz centres and benefit from the blessings of these Jalsas. In total 400 members were recorded to have attended the Khilafat Day Jalsas in Toronto.  All attendees were served iftari and dinner.

Generally, Khilafat Day Jalsas are held in all the 8 regions and 32 Jamaats of Canada. The total number of people attending Khilafat Day Jalsas around Canada is around 8,000 members.

Serving Humanity

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Zubair Khalil Khan

Director Projects in Balkan Countries, HF Germany

Prior to Eid-ul-Fitr, on 27 May 2019 the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat Bosnia along with Humanity First Germany prepared Eid food packets for distribution among the refugees stranded in Sarajevo Refugee camp.

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On arrival, Mufeezur Rahman Sahib of the Ahmadiyya Mission and Humanity First Bosnia along with his team and with Balkan Director of Humanity First Germany were welcomed by the camp director. Later, a tour of the camp was conducted by the camp authorities and food cooking and distribution facilities were shown to the visiting team. Along with IOM (International Organisation for Migration) local humanitarian organisation Pomozi.ba managed all the matters related to this food donation.

According to camp authorities, the help provided by Humanity First through AMJ Bosnia will suffice for 3,500 meals for the camp residents. Currently, the camp houses above 800 refugees. Food help in the month of Ramadan was very much applauded by all concerned.

Following the donation in Bosnia, food security and medical camp projects were organised another four times by National President of AMJ Macedonia, Wasim Sahib with the financial help of Humanity First. These projects continued from 30 May to 2 June 2019. The municipality of Berovo, Macedonia was generous enough to provide a big hall for distribution of the food packets and to conduct medical check-ups.

Director of Health for the region was personally present along with doctors and medical staff who volunteered to help their countrymen. A unique aspect of the project was visiting the houses of those people who, due to their weak conditions, were unable to come to the municipality hall. It took many hours for doctors, medical staff and volunteers of HF to visit the houses in remote villages of Berovo and to hand out medicine as well as food packets. 

One could feel the emotions of those who received the needed items at their door steps. The local media was highly impressed with this gesture of AMJ and Humanity First. Television channels covered the event and gave prime time news coverage. Similarly, newspapers also covered the event.

After Berovo, the Humanity First team travelled 200km to the city of Kumanovo, bordering Kosovo. This time, food packets were distributed to deaf people. The municipality was kind enough to provide a hall as well as an interpreter to understand what the people wanted to say about this project of AMJ and HF. Local television outlets also covered the event and news was broadcast several times covering the efforts of the Jamaat and Humanity First.

After Kumanovo, another refugee camp 250km away in the city of Gevgelije, bordering Greece, was chosen to deliver the food packets. The camp is administered under UNHCR. Local humanitarian organisations Red Cross, JSR and Legis were extremely cooperative to undertake the distribution of food items donated by HF through AMJ Macedonia. Local television channels remained with the Humanity First and Jamaat team during the whole project and later covered the news in prime time.

On 3 June, the Humanity First team visited the refugee camp in Sofia-Bulgaria. There, waited almost 100 youths who were without parents and had been living in the camp for a few months. Families with young children also received the Eid gift packets. All recipients were extremely happy and thankful to Humanity First for remembering the less privileged thousands of kilometres away.

Jawwad Sahib, Abdullah Sahib, Zia Sahib, wife of Jawwad Sahib and his mother took all the trouble to purchase, pack and distribute the Eid gift packs.

Through the service of humanity, the Jamaat has a good reputation in these areas. The Jamaat and Humanity First is now well known in these Balkan countries due to continuous humanitarian projects.

May Allah accept this humble effort and shower His ever-increasing blessings on all those who take the trouble to serve humanity.

Remembrance of Allah

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The Holy Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

“Allah the Exalted says, ‘I am as my slave expects me to be, and I am with him when he remembers Me. If he remembers Me inwardly, I will remember him inwardly, and if he remembers Me in an assembly, I will remember him in a better assembly [i.e., in the assembly of angels].”

(Sahih al-Bukhari and Muslim)

The spiritual quest

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The spiritual quest is to embark upon the path of Allah and His Messengersa as a result of one’s own understanding and sense. For example, Allah the Exalted states:

قُلۡ اِنۡ کُنۡتُمۡ تُحِبُّوۡنَ اللّٰہَ فَاتَّبِعُوۡنِیۡ یُحۡبِبۡکُمُ اللّٰہُ 

Meaning, if you desire to become the beloved of God, then follow the Noble Prophet, on whom be peace. It was this Perfect Guide and Messenger who shouldered such afflictions as are unparalleled in the history of the world. He did not rest even a single day in his life. Now, those who truly emulate their Master can only be ones who follow his every word and action with assiduous toil and labour. Only he is a follower who obeys the Holy Prophetsa in all respects. Allah the Exalted does not like those who flock to comfort and flee from hardship. Rather, such a one shall incur the wrath of Allah Almighty. In this verse, Allah the Exalted has commanded obedience to the Holy Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. The task of a seeker of God ought to be to first study the entire life of the Holy Prophetsa and then follow him. This is called ‘the spiritual quest.’ There are great trials and tribulations in this path. It is only after these difficulties are shouldered that a person becomes a seeker of God.

(Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmadas, Malfuzat, Vol. 1, pp. 25-26)

14-20 June

14 June 1908: Hazrat Hakim Maulvi Nuruddin, Khalifatul Masih Ira called the attention of Ahmadi scribes and invited them to come and reside in Qadian to expedite the process of printing of the Jamaat’s publications.

14 June 1956: Syed Kamal Yusuf Sahib and Chaudhry Abdul Latif Sahib reached Gothenburg, Sweden and established the Ahmadiyya Mission in Scandinavian countries. In those early days, this whole venture was supervised by the neighbouring Germany Jamaat.

15 June 1905: Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Ira was severely ill health. Huzoorra felt that his condition was deteriorating so he wrote down his will. But God Almighty had revealed to the Promised Messiahas early on that Hazrat Maulvi Sahibra would recover and gain health, and thus it happened accordingly.

15 June 1912: Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Ira travelled to Lahore and laid the foundation stone of the house of Sheikh Rahmatullah Sahibra. Sheikh Sahibra had been told by the Promised Messiahas that he would bless the house by laying its foundation stone, but destiny did not allow him. On this, the first successor of the Promised Messiahas did not desire for a single promise of his master to remain unfulfilled. Accordingly, Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Ira bore patiently the hardships of travel and reached Lahore to lay the foundation stone. The following day, Huzoorra delivered a lecture too. Huzoorra returned to Qadian on 19 June. It is said that during this journey, Huzoorra gave speeches in Amritsar, Batala and Lahore.

15 June 1915: Hazrat Sufi Ghulam Muhammadra arrived at Port Louis to establish the Ahmadiyya Mission in Mauritius.

15 June 1918: Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra arrived back in Qadian after his voyage of Mumbai.

15 June 1950: Maulana Fazl Ilahi Bashir Sahib constructed a mosque in East Africa. This experienced missionary remained posted in different areas of Africa and the Middle East.

15 June 1950: A ceasefire was agreed upon at the front line of Kashmir between India and Pakistan. Upon this, the group of Ahmadi volunteers, the Furqan Force, was disbanded. On 17 June, a special ceremony was arranged in Sarai Alamgir, and the message from the commander-in-chief was read out. Everyone concerned witnessed and lauded the efficiency and loyalty of the Ahmadi volunteers.

16 June 1937: A prominent Ahmadi figure in Qadian Hazrat Maulana Abdur Rahman Jutt was charged in court in a dispute related to the land of the graveyard in Qadian. The judge gave two options: four months imprisonment or a 100-rupee fine. Under the guidance of Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra, Jutt Sahib opted to go to jail and remained there until 9 July.

17 June 1928: On the instruction of Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra, events began internationally to commemorate a day  for sirat-un-Nabi – the life of the Holy Prophet Muhammadsa. On this day, the first Sirat-un-Nabi Day took place in which speeches were delivered in over 1,000 locations. Aside from Muslims, people from all religious backgrounds took part. On 12 June, Al Fazl published 7,000 copies of its Khatam-un-Nabiyyin special issue, after which even more copies were required and had to be printed again. In the event held in Qadian, Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra delivered a speech called Dunya ke Mohsin (The Benefactor of Mankind) which was soon published as a book.

17 June 1937: Professor of religious studies in USA, John Clark Archer arrived in Qadian on this day and met Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra.

17 June 1943: An incident took place at Bhamari, a village 5 miles from Qadian. After a failed attempt to stop a Jamaat event there, bricks, sticks, daggers and swords were used against the Ahmadis after the event had finished, causing many injuries and leaving 50 Ahmadis wounded. The amir of the group of Ahmadis was Hazrat Mir Muhammad Ishaqra.

18 June 1913: Hazrat Mirza Bashiruddin Mahmud Ahmadra, with great efforts, launched a newspaper, which Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Ira named Al Fazl.

19 June 1942: Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra instructed men to keep beards, as was the practice of the Holy Prophet Muhammadsa.

19 June 1944: Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra delivered a Friday Sermon on the importance of the Arabic language and its need in the current age.

20 June 1932: Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra travelled to Rawalpindi and stayed there until 4 July. During this visit, Huzoorra received treatment for his eye condition from an ophthalmologist.

20 June 1943: Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra departed on a journey to Dalhousie, leaving behind Hazrat Maulvi Sher Alira as amir-e-muqami (amir in his stead).

20 June 1955: Mian Afzal Hussain, former vice-chancellor of Punjab University distributed awards at Talim-ul-Islam College’s award distribution ceremony.

Friday Sermon: Inauguration of Masjid Mubarak (17 May 2019 )

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Friday Sermon

17 May 2019

Inauguration of Masjid Mubarak

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Upon entering the mosque, Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Vaa stated:

Assalamo alaikum wa rahmatullah [may the peace and mercy of Allah be upon you]. I have just unveiled the plaque to commemorate the opening of the [Mubarak] mosque and the official inauguration has now taken place.

When Hazrat Khalifatul Masih IIra inaugurated Masjid Mubarak in Rabwah, he said that arrangements should be made to offer two nawafil [voluntary prayers] before the inauguration. However, since this could not be arranged at that time, he said that they would perform sajda-e-shukar [prostration in gratitude to Allah] instead. (Khutabat-e-Mahmud, Vol. 32, pp. 48-49, Khutba Jumuah 23 March 1951)

Usually, the tradition has been that whenever I unveil a plaque for an inauguration, we offer silent prayer. However, today, keeping in line with that practice, instead of a dua, I will perform sajda-e-shukar and all of you should join me for God Almighty has granted us this modest headquarters [markaz] and also this mosque. Following this, the Friday Sermon shall commence.

Join in me Sajda-e-Shukar.

[The congregation of worshippers then joined Huzooraa in performing Sajda-e-Shukar.]

After this brief announcement, Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Vaa recited Tashahud, Ta‘awuz, Surah al-Fatihah and verses 30-32 of Surah al-A‘raf and then stated:

The translation of these verses is as follows:

“Say, ‘My Lord has enjoined justice. And fix your attention aright at every time and place of worship, and call upon Him, making yourselves sincere towards Him in religion. As He brought you into being, so shall you return.’ Some has He guided, and as for others error has become their desert. They have taken evil ones for friends to the exclusion of Allah, and they think that they are rightly guided. O children of Adam! look to your adornment at every time and place of worship, and eat and drink but exceed not the bounds; surely, He does not love those who exceed the bounds.” (Surah al-A’raf, Ch.7: V.30-32)

Alhamdolillah [All praise belongs to Allah] today, God Almighty has granted us the opportunity to offer the Friday prayer at this mosque in Islamabad. As I mentioned a few sermons ago regarding the move of the headquarters to Islamabad, managing of the offices adjacent to the Fazl Mosque had become very difficult and there was a need for a larger and better space for offices. Now, by the grace of God Almighty, with the completion of the construction project in Islamabad, our requirements have been fulfilled to a large extent.

Likewise, within the space available, some of those serving the Jamaat and working in the offices have also been provided with accommodation. Similarly, the residence of the Khalifa has also been constructed. It is important that a mosque be available adjacent to the residence of the Khalifa so that people may easily offer prayers behind him and he can perform other tasks such as delivering sermons and speeches, etc.

Although, we are officially inaugurating this mosque today with the Friday prayers, but in reality, the prayers and other activities had commenced as soon as I moved here. Large delegations of Khuddam, Atfal and Lajna continued to visit from outside. Sittings with them took place in this mosque. As for those with whom other events took place in the smaller halls, there was adequate space to accommodate them in the mosque to offer the prayers. The capacity of this mosque is approximately four times greater than that of the Fazl Mosque. However, when the delegations visited, it became evident that even this mosque proved to be too small during those occasions. However, there is a multipurpose hall adjacent to the mosque, which has been constructed in the direction of the qiblah. This has been used to offer prayers as it also has additional capacity.

Nonetheless, the purpose of mentioning these details is that, by the grace of God Almighty, in the UK Jamaat as well as other various countries of the world, mosques are being constructed. Owing to the grace of God Almighty, in the past 10 or 15 years, Jamaats have paid special attention to the construction of mosques. However, this mosque, which I have named “Masjid Mubarak”, is significant because the residence of the Khalifa is located here. Similarly, for those serving the Community, there is adequate residence for approximately 29-30 families. All of the offices, with whom I deal with on a daily basis have also been constructed here. Thus, this site and this mosque holds a special significance as it serves as the Markaz [headquarters].

May God Almighty enable this mosque to be a true reflection of the Masjid Mubarak. May it be granted the beneficence of God Almighty and may it be blessed in every respect.

When the name of the mosque was under consideration, various names came to mind and suggestions for some names were also received. However, the revelation of the Promised Messiahas came to mind as a result of which I named it as such. The revelation is as follows:

مُبَارِکٌ وَمُبَارَکٌ وَکُلُّ اَمرٍ مُبَارَکٍ يُجْعَلُ فِيهِ

The translation of this in the very words of the Promised Messiahas is, “This mosque is the source and recipient of blessings and every blessed deed will be performed therein.” (Tadhkirah, p. 83, Vol. 4)

May God Almighty enable this mosque to also become the recipient of the prayers of the Promised Messiahas, which he offered in Masjid Mubarak in Qadian, as well as his desire and heartfelt prayers for Islam to spread across the world and triumph. And may this mosque and this centre always serve as a means through which the unity of Allah and the message of Islam will be spread across England, Europe and the entire world. May the move of the headquarters here prove to be a blessed one in every regard. May all of the initiatives launched by Khilafat-e-Ahmadiyya always receive the blessings of God Almighty. Moreover, may this mosque also become the recipient of the blessings of God Almighty associated with the mosque of the Promised Messiahas.

Until yesterday I was not aware of this fact and it was only then that this came to my attention that even when Rabwah was initially established, Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra said the very same words at the construction of Masjid Mubarak that may it also serve as a reflection of Masjid Mubarak in Qadian. (Khutbaat-e-Mahmud, Vol. 30, p. 316, Khutbah Jumuah 30.9.1949). Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra mentioned this in reference to Masjid Mubarak in Rabwah. Nevertheless, Khilafat remained there for a long time and even today, the central offices are present there. However, having migrated from there, new offices, buildings and mosques have been required here for the past 35 years. Due to the law of the country [Pakistan], Khilafat-e-Ahmadiyya had to migrate from Rabwah. Subsequently, in order to fulfil the needs here as well, God Almighty opened the doors for progress even greater than before. May God Almighty continue to increase the resources of the Jamaat which He has blessed us with.

The opponents, in their estimation, thought to seize the blessings which God Almighty had granted us, however, may God Almighty through establishing this mosque and headquarters manifest signs of even greater blessings than before.    

The intellectual state and level of ignorance of those who believe that the progress and destiny of the Jamaat lies in their hands is such that someone showed me a social media clip in which a politician of the Pakistan People’s Party was passing some comments and said that they had placed restrictions on the Ahmadiyya Jamaat and did not allow them to flourish in Pakistan. However, the new government has now come into office and allowed Ahmadis and “Qadianis” to establish their headquarters in Islamabad [Pakistan]. This is the state of their intellect. Some time ago, another politician also passed an ignorant statement similar to this, after which they released a statement saying that they were mistaken and that they had not understood the matter correctly.

Nevertheless, these are the views of who are engrossed in worldly pursuits. Little do they know that the progress of the Ahmadiyya Jamaat is purely owing to the blessings of God Almighty. Neither can any worldly government halt the progress of the Jamaat, nor is Ahmadiyyat in need of support from any worldly government. As long as we follow the commandments of God Almighty and as long as we endeavour to acquire His pleasure, we will continue to be the recipients of the blessings of God and will continue to witness this progress. Hence, we should continue to assess our conditions.

Those people, who have been granted the opportunity by God Almighty to reside in this new dwelling and those who, due to the headquarters being established here, are coming to settle in the surrounding areas, or are currently settled here, should endeavour to reform themselves in such a manner that other people are able to see a true manifestation of Islam and Ahmadiyyat in this area. Our life devotees and workers have lived in Islamabad for many years and the local people are acquainted with Ahmadis. The locals have also been introduced to Ahmadiyyat through the Jalsas [annual conventions], which had been held here for a long time until 2004, and are now currently being held in Alton, a place near here. Irrespective of all of this, the situation is now completely different and as such, the local people will also look at us from a new perspective. The local people have already taken note of the fact that Ahmadis have suddenly started to acquire homes here and have said that the reason for many people moving here is because the residence of the Caliph, leader of the Ahmadiyya Community, has relocated here. 

Therefore, you will have to set an example that is even better than before and you will have to leave a good impression on them. If our neighbours are disturbed by our noise, failure to adhere to the traffic regulations or any other reason, then we will be conveying the wrong message to the locals. Our gratitude to God Almighty will be mere lip service if we are not demonstrating the correct message of Islam through our conduct. Being grateful to God Almighty necessitates that our words, actions and teachings are all in line with one another. It should not be the case that we say one thing and do another. God Almighty has provided us with guidance in the Holy Quran in relation to mosques as well. Even in the verses which were recited, we have been reminded of very important matters. If we remain mindful of these matters then, alongside fulfilling the rights of worship of God Almighty, we will also fulfil the rights of His creation.

In these verses, God Almighty clearly announces to the believers, i.e. the Muslims, that if they wish to earn the pleasure of God Almighty, they ought to adopt faith and adhere to religion purely for the sake of God Almighty. If one fails to do so, then instead of progressing, they shall fall into an abyss of misguidance. The purpose for which mosques are established must be fulfilled, only then can one become the recipient of God Almighty’s bounties. One must perform worship solely for the sake of God Almighty in order to become heirs to the rewards of God Almighty. One must cleanse their minds of worldly inclinations and desires; only then can one attain the grace of God Almighty. When one strives to achieve this five times a day, only then can one be counted among those who adheres to faith purely for the sake of God Almighty.

Thus, God Almighty commands us to purify ourselves and this is only possible when one remains firmly on faith only for the sake of God Almighty. Those people who do not strive to attain guidance, those who do not remain on their faith purely for the sake of God Almighty consequently fall into an abyss of misguidance. These people are such that instead of seeking the protection of God Almighty, they have befriended Satan. Despite this they believe that their actions are in accordance with the pleasure of God. This is the condition of those who reject the One sent by God. It is the condition of the evil-minded Muslim “scholars” of today who, along with themselves, are misguiding the masses. In their imagination, they believe that there is no one who practices Islam more accurately than them. In order to achieve their objectives, they do not leave any means, manner or design untried, and even governments remain in fear of them.

These days in Karachi, Pakistan, this same sort of opposition is on the rise, and even the government there insists that we demolish our minarets. We have tried to reason with them countless times stating these are minarets of old mosques which have been built 50-60 years ago, but they do not understand. There is an unprecedented fear of the Muslim clerics. These people are continuing to increase in their oppression upon the members of the Jamaat. They have exceeded all bounds in their hate-filled propaganda and agendas against the Promised Messiahas. It is these sorts of people regarding whom God Almighty states that misguidance and transgression has become their prerogative. The so-called Muslim scholars who are behind this indeed fall into the category of those regarding whom the Holy Prophetsa said that the mosques of that era would apparently seem populated to the onlookers – which is what we see nowadays in non-Ahmadi mosques – but they would be devoid of divine guidance, and that disorder would emerge from within them and would return to them, and such people would be the ones who defame Islam and would be the worst among all of creation. (Sha‘bul Iman lil Baihaqi, Vol. 3, pp. 317-3318, Hadith 1763, Maktabah Al-Rushd, Beirut, 2003)

In such a situation, our responsibility increases even more towards purifying our own condition of worship and making the world aware of the true teachings of Islam. God Almighty Himself opens many more ways and means for the spread of Islam’s true teachings than our own efforts, and the establishment of new headquarters is an example thereof. Hence, we should understand our responsibilities. If it had been left to our personal efforts or to the efforts of the Jamaat, this could have never been built. It is only due to the sheer grace of God Almighty that He granted us a new headquarters. During the blessed days of Ramadan, the days in which God Almighty has secured for us the means for our spiritual betterment, it is all the more incumbent upon us to strive even more than before towards adopting our faith exclusively for the sake of God Almighty.

The Promised Messiahas guided us on how to purify our faith and to make it exclusively for God Almighty. At one place, describing this, he writes:

“It is written in the Holy Quran:

ادۡعُوۡہُ مُخۡلِصِیۡنَ لَہُ الدِّیۡنَ

‘Pray unto Him, being sincere to Him in religion’ (Surah al-A‘raf, Ch.7: V.30). One should remember God Almighty and ask for His blessings with sincerity. One should possess sincerity, virtue and turn to Him in such a manner that He alone is the Lord and the true God.”

The Promised Messiahas further states:

“In short, the essence of the principles of worship are that one ought to stand before God as if they are beholding Him or that God is watching them. One should be free from all types of impurities and shirk [associating partners with God] and should keep in mind God Almighty’s grandeur and providence.”

The Promised Messiahas further states:

“One should make those supplications granted to us as well as other prayers as much as possible, seek forgiveness and repent often and express one’s weakness over and over so that the soul may be purified; also, so that one may develop a true bond with God Almighty and that they may be submerged in His love.” (Malfuzat, Vol. 9, p. 451)

Thus, when one practices faith sincerely for the sake of God Almighty, the soul will become pure, and one shall have the opportunity to cleanse themselves. They will fulfil the rights due to the worship of God and they shall strive to act upon the commandments of God Almighty.

Someone showed a video from social media wherein Muslims had made full preparations for iftari [breaking of the fast]. Thereafter, they began hurling abuse at one another, perhaps over the food, which quickly escalated to exchanging of fists. They were punching one another, fighting, tearing at each other, all the while the food was scattered everywhere. Some people were fighting in one place and others further away. They neither had any respect for their elders, nor did they have any regard for those younger than them. They were fighting one another all whilst in a state of fasting, and as is their custom, they came to pray wearing long dresses and robes, but all of them were involved in the brawl. God Almighty has said that one should not utter anything immoral whilst in a state of fasting, not to reply to anyone who hurls abuse and instead merely say that they are fasting. God Almighty has also said that He Himself is the reward for the one who fasts. Can God Almighty be the reward for such people observing the fast in this manner? Are these the ones who attain the pleasure of God Almighty? Is this the purification of the soul which they are achieving through fasting?

The importance of accepting the Imam of the age becomes even clearer from all this and just how much the Muslims are in need of reform through the Imam of the age. Since he has appeared and they refuse to accept him, this all draws our attention even more to analyse ourselves, to reform ourselves, to remove even the smallest of rancour and restlessness in our hearts and that we should fulfil the rights of fasting. We should worship God Almighty whilst being sincere to Him and act upon His commandments.

On one occasion the Promised Messiahas stated:

“Today the image of Islam has undergone great distortion. All kinds of immoralities have become rampant (i.e. all types of wrongs, evils and vices have become widespread) and that sincerity which is mentioned in åïÎۡäðÕðêۡæî äîçï ÇäÏñðêۡæî ‘Being sincere to Him in religion’ has been lifted to the heavens. (It is not found anywhere.) Sincerity and loyalty, love and trust in God Almighty is all but finished. Now God Almighty has ordained that these faculties be revived once again.” (Malfuzat, Vol. 6, pp. 352-353)

The Promised Messiahas states:

“In this day and age, lowly traits such as pretentiousness, self-admiration, egotism, arrogance, conceit have greatly flourished. (In other words, people are progressing in adopting these evil behaviours) but the good qualities such as being sincerely devoted to faith have ascended to the heavens”.

The Promised Messiahas further states, “Qualities such as resigning to the will of God and putting one’s trust in Him have become non-existent.” This means that people do not have faith in God. A believer entrusts God Almighty with their affairs, but this is not witnessed amongst the so-called believers. They quarrel over trivial matters and their moral condition has become deplorable. However, the Promised Messiahas states, “God desires to once again sow the seeds of establishing high morals.” (Al Badr, Vol. 3, No. 10, 8.3.1904, p. 3)

Earlier the Promised Messiahas stated that God Almighty desires to revive those morals qualities, whereas in this particular quote, he states that God Almighty desires to sow the seeds of establishing the moral qualities – this indeed has taken place through the advent of the Promised Messiahas. Moreover, God Almighty desires to revive these moral qualities, to purify the acts of worship, to offer the rights due to God and the rights due to humanity through the Promised Messiahas. We must become branches of the trees and plants that have grown forth from these seeds. We can accomplish this by purifying our worship for the sake of God Almighty and by taking heed from the weaknesses of others, we ought to strive to reform our own selves and attaining the pleasure of God Almighty should become our foremost priority.

On one occasion, the Promised Messiahas stated,

“Sincerity is the precondition for good acts.” (Malfuzat, Vol. 8, p. 354)

An action lacking sincerity and a deep longing to attain the acceptance of God Almighty is futile.  Such prayers are also of no use. Hence, this is an admonition for us that there is no benefit of worship until it is offered with sincerity and devotion.

The Promised Messiahas states:

“Let it be known that according to the Holy Quran, the natural state of man has a very strong relationship with his moral and spiritual states, so much so that even a person’s manner of eating and drinking affects his moral and spiritual states.”

As mentioned already, the incident that took place during an iftari where people had gathered to eat during the month of Ramadan, their outward condition depicts their spiritual state. These actions connote that they have no spirituality left within them. Thus, these matters should draw our attention towards this.

The Promised Messiahas further states:

“If the natural state of a person is subjected to the control of the directions of divine law, it becomes their moral state and deeply affects their spirituality, just as it is said that whatever falls into a salt mine is converted into salt.”

The Promised Messiahas states that if one was to be mindful of the commandments of God Almighty in relation to one’s natural faculties, for example, if one were to eat and drink in moderation, and similarly there are many other natural faculties, which if governed according to the Shariah, they would become high moral qualities. The Promised Messiahas says that once they become part of one’s moral qualities, they will deeply impact one’s spirituality.

The Promised Messiahas further continues:

“That is why the Holy Quran has laid stress on physical cleanliness and postures, and their regulation in relation to all worship and inner purity and spiritual humility.”

Cleanliness of one’s body, physical etiquettes and to keep oneself presentable is also necessary because only then can one become a truly well-poised person with a balanced nature. The Promised Messiahas further states,

“Upon reflection, this very philosophy is borne out as exceedingly accurate; namely, that physical conditions deeply affect the soul. For instance, when our eyes are filled with tears, even if the tears are artificially induced, a spark from these tears impacts the heart (the heart is greatly affected) and following the tears, the heart becomes sorrowful. In the same way, when we begin to laugh, even if the laughter is artificially induced, the heart begins to feel cheerful.”

The Promised Messiahas further says:

“It has also been observed that physical prostration in prayer induces humility in the soul. (At times, by simply going into the position of prostration instils a feeling of humility and meekness within a person.) As a contrast, when we draw ourselves up physically and strut about with our necks raised and our chests pushed forward, this attitude induces a mood of arrogance and vain glory. These instances establish clearly that physical conditions certainly affect spiritual conditions.” (Islami Usul ki Philosophy, Ruhani Khazain, Vol. 10, pp. 319-320)

The Promised Messiahas states that the type of food one eats also has an effect on one’s spirituality. Thus, one needs to adopt moderation in relation their diet as well. One should not be given to a diet consisting of only meat and nor should one only have a diet of greens and vegetables. One should adopt moderation in all the various foods God Almighty has provided for mankind and which He has declared as halal [lawful] and tayyab [pure and wholesome] and one should not exceed beyond the limits. Subsequently, such a practise will also affect one’s spirituality. When one adopts a balanced diet, they also develop a balance in their moral state and will remain inclined to the worship of God. The Promised Messiahas states that it is indeed the beautiful teaching of Islam which has provided us guidance in all matters. Furthermore, the Promised Messiahas states that it is an immense favour of God Almighty which He has bestowed on man that He has laid down certain principles to maintain good health. In fact, God Almighty has stated:

کُلُوۡا وَاشۡرَبُوۡا وَلَا تُسۡرِفُوۡا

That is to say, indeed one should eat and drink but in moderation and not eat excessively. (Ayyamus-Sulh, Ruhani Khazain, Vol. 14, p. 332)

The reason for this is because this will also adversely affect one’s physical condition which then ultimately has an impact on one’s spirituality as well.   

Thus, a true servant of God, who wholly devotes himself in the worship of God, not only seeks to improve his spiritual condition and develop a bond with God Almighty, but also seeks to improve his physical condition and utilise all the bounties endowed to him by God Almighty in order to attain His pleasure. The comforts and luxuries of the world and consuming food and drink are not a believer’s ultimate objective, rather one only seeks to derive benefit from these worldly bounties in order to attain the pleasure of God Almighty. Endeavouring to attain the pleasure of God Almighty is in fact the ultimate objective. Similarly, a believer is always mindful of fulfilling the rights of God Almighty’s creation. It is only the religion of Islam which not only draws the attention of man to fulfil the rights of God, but also towards fulfilling the rights of God Almighty’s creation.

Thus, in offering our gratitude at the establishment of the new headquarters here, we should raise the standard of our worship and also our moral conditions. Particularly now in this new environment, the non-Ahmadi neighbours will be observing us with a particular focus, therefore we need to strive even more than before to demonstrate the beautiful teachings of Islam through our practise and our speech. If we lead our lives whilst being mindful of this objective, this alone can become a huge means of our tabligh [preaching the message] and moreover, this will enable us to become grateful to God Almighty and become the recipients of His blessings.

I would also like to mention here that some people display an excellent conduct towards their neighbours and towards others in their society, however their conduct at home towards their wives and children is extremely poor. This does not just impact them alone – although on a personal level God Almighty will punish them for these injustices – however their actions also have an impact on the unity and harmony of the Jamaat. The discord in the home impacts the children and instead of becoming an excellent asset of the Jamaat in the future, they become distant from the Jamaat and their faith.

In order to propagate the message of Islam and to become wholly devoted to God, it is vital to provide the young generation with a proper upbringing. However, if one’s own practise is contrary to this, it will consequently cause children to go astray. Thus, in this respect, this is something that has to be addressed at a Jamaat level. The children will look at their fathers and will think that although he seems to be very religious and is considered very respectable in the Jamaat, yet his conduct at home is completely different, and this ultimately ruins the children. Also, owing to the disputes at home, discord and resentment gradually develops between the families of the husband and wife, consequently affecting the society at large. Thus, homes in which such issues have developed should make a firm resolve to establish peace in their homes. Moreover, as a way of expressing their gratitude to God Almighty for His grace and blessing for attaching them with the Jamaat, they should bring about a change in themselves by being wholly devoted to God Almighty and adhering to His commandments. Similarly, those women who become angry over trivial issues, they should also bring about a change in their conditions for the sake of their children’s upbringing. They should make this month of Ramadan unique in this respect as well in that they are to bring about a reformation within their homes through the blessings of this month.

During the month of Ramadan, many people’s attention has been drawn towards mosques. However, the true adornment of the mosque is in fact taqwa [righteousness] and so, one should also strive to excel in this as well. The Promised Messiahas has stated that whilst treading on the path of righteousness, one should safeguard themselves from all kinds of display of pride, arrogance and vanity. The more God Almighty bestows His blessings, the more we ought to reflect upon striving to find ways of winning the pleasure of God Almighty in all aspects of our lives. We should not become like those who pray but only incur the wrath of God and their prayers become a means of their ruin, in fact, we should be counted amongst those who seek to attain the pleasure of God Almighty and become the recipients of His rewards. The foremost purpose of establishing this headquarters here is in order to serve our faith. However, even if we were to look at it from a worldly perspective, it is a great blessing of God Almighty which He has granted us. As I mentioned earlier, it was not possible for us to acquire this merely though our own efforts. Thus, through the establishment of the headquarters here, God Almighty has rewarded us both spiritually and from a worldly perspective as well. Thus, we should be grateful to God Almighty by keeping in view all these various aspects.

When a worldly person witnesses the scale of the mission of our community, they are left astonished. However, they are even more astounded when they learn that this is all happening purely due to the blessings of God Almighty and the sacrifices of the members of the Jamaat – because in reality we are a very small community whose resources are extremely limited. Such people then realise that the Living God exists even today and grants help and succour to whomsoever He wills. Thus, through this means as well a worldly person becomes inspired by our teachings and receives the message of Islam. In order to demonstrate the existence of God Almighty, it is essential for our speech and actions to be such that they inspire others.

Thus, from whichever aspect we look, we are humbled before God for He has enabled us, out of His blessings, to develop this land. Although it is equal to the size of a small neighbourhood of a town, or in fact even smaller, however as I mentioned earlier, it holds great significance as it serves as the headquarters.

God Almighty has granted us a centre in that part of the world which not only lacks belief in the unity of God but is also engrossed in shirk [associating partners with God]. From here, we ought to spread the unity of God with a new resolve and fulfil the mission of the ardent devotee of the Holy Prophetsa. Then, we will see that day in which entire towns and cities will proclaim the unity of God and those people, who today utter what they like against the Holy Prophetsa, will feel a sense of pride coming under the flag of the Holy Prophetsa and will send salutations upon him.

Thus, this responsibility is not only for the residents of Islamabad or those who have taken residence nearby, but rather every Ahmadi residing in this country and Ahmadis around the world ought to strive to find ways how one can wave the flag of the Unity of God and how one can bring the world under the flag of the Holy Prophetsa; they ought to strive as to how they can further aid the mission of the Promised Messiahas; how they can assist the objectives of the Khalifa and how they can support him through prayers and their own efforts.

God Almighty has granted us the opportunity to inaugurate this mosque in the month of Ramadan. I am not aware if this has taken place during the era of any previous Khalifa, however, in my time, this is the first occasion in which I have inaugurated a mosque in the month of Ramadan.

Derive full benefit from this blessed month, in which prayers are greatly accepted, and pray ardently for the progress of Ahmadiyyat and for the purpose behind establishing the new headquarters in this part of the world. May this headquarters continue to expand and may the Ahmadi population nearby continue to increase. May we witness the masses entering into the fold of Islam. May we witness the schemes of our enemies go to ruin. May we be granted safe passage to Rabwah and also to Qadian, the abode of the Promised Messiahas. May the journey to Mecca and Medina – the home of our guide and master, the Holy Prophetsa and the permanent headquarters of Islam – be made accessible for us. May the people living there receive the true message of Islam and may they accept it and attest to the truth of the Ardent Devotee of the Holy Prophetsa. May God Almighty enlighten all those who harbour prejudice [against Ahmadiyyat] owing to their ignorance and may He hold all those accountable who are instilling hatred amongst the people against Ahmadiyyat only because of their hatred and to fulfil their agendas. May the Muslims unite by performing Bai‘at at the hand of the Promised Messiahas and through this unity, may they become embodiments of the true teachings of Islam and may the rest of the non-Muslim world swiftly come under the banner of Islam.

I will also speak briefly regarding the mosque and the construction project overall. By the grace of Allah, in this mosque, the prayer hall is approximately 314 square meters and can accommodate approximately 500 worshippers. Similarly, adjacent to this there is a hall which can accommodate 1,200 people and another place in which 110 people can offer their prayers. In addition to this, there is a covered area in front of the entrance to the hall in which a further 300 people can offer their prayers. Combining these – 1,200 and 300 – makes it 1,500 worshipers, but the total number of people who can offer their prayers here is over 2,000 people.

As I mentioned earlier, houses have been constructed as well as offices. Although there are only three office blocks, however, there are almost five offices in these blocks. This space should also suffice for MTA for their studios etc. There are adequate facilities to perform ablution and washrooms etc. Furthermore, solar panels have been installed and they have tried to install all modern-day facilities in order to provide ease.

This project was such that despite its enormous scale, there was no separate financial appeal made for it and according to my knowledge, this is the first project which has been completed without the need of a separate appeal. As for the design of the mosque, some people like the design whereas others do not. In any case, according to the experts, its design saves electricity and energy. Similarly, according to them, as opposed to the conventional designs, this is cheaper to construct. In terms of the calligraphy of the mosque, previously our mosques had never been adorned with this much calligraphy, but owing to the design of the mosque, I said that there is no harm in doing so as they are attributes of God Almighty. For this, Razwan Baig Sahib, who organises a Quran Exhibition during Jalsa Salana, wrote them and helped a lot in this regard. May God almighty reward him. Similarly, the editor of The Review of Religions, Amer Safir assisted greatly in this. Then there were two missionaries, one of whom graduated this year from Jamia Canada – Basil Butt – Musa Sattar and Musawer Din, they glued together each word, or each letter rather, using a special glue. This was an arduous task, may God Almighty reward all of them. In addition to this, the  UK audio-video team and the MTA team also worked very hard; may God Almighty reward them for this.

With regard to the overall construction, a committee was formed who would assess the situation from time to time. There were two people who supervised the project on a daily basis; Idris Sahib, who was on waqf-e-arzi [temporary devotion] and the other is a waqf-e-nau, Fateh Ahmad, who is an engineer and waqf-e-zindagi [life devotee]. Although there may be some shortcomings, nonetheless, they supervised the project and are still continuing with the project. In addition to this, a member of the committee who sacrificed his time to come here on a voluntary basis was Chaudhry Zaheer Sahib. He worked very well in this regard. May Allah reward him also. He took a personal interest in the project and due to his experience, he managed to resolve many issues.

As mentioned earlier, there was no special scheme launched for this development, despite the fact that this was an enormous project. Alongside this, there were major projects in other countries as well; especially in Qadian, Mali and Tanzania. On occasions, I would worry lest we have to temporarily stop any one of these projects, but then God Almighty would shower His blessings and each project reached completion.

In Tanzania, a multi storey building has been constructed which has many offices and other amenities. A new mosque has been constructed and a new complex along with it. In Mali, a large mosque has been built and as well as other buildings. An excellent complex has been built with complete facilities, and whoever has seen it has complimented it. In Mali, seeing the new mosque and the new buildings, people have begun to say that from this, it seems that the Jamaat is very rich.

In terms of worldly affluence, we are not rich, however God Almighty has granted us true wealth in the form of His blessings. Therefore, as long as we seek the blessings of God Almighty, He will continue to shower His blessings. If we fulfil the due rights owed to Him, God Almighty will continue to send down His blessings. May God Almighty enable us to do so.

In recent days, a doctor from USA went to Mali for waqf-e-arzi [temporary devotion]. He says:

“When I left from the airport, I saw a beautiful mosque alongside a large building. I asked the driver, ‘Who has constructed this beautiful mosque?’ The driver replied, ‘This mosque belongs to the Ahmadis and this is where you are going.’”

Thus, whoever sees the mosque, compliments it. Indeed, it was an enormous project, which was completed due to the blessings of God Almighty. The planning etc. was carried out by the Ahmadi Engineers and Architects Association [IAAAE]. May God Almighty reward them for their hard work.

Nonetheless, may God Almighty continue to shower His blessings. May He enable us to complete all the projects currently under construction and may He enable us to continue with more projects in the future. God Almighty has instilled within the members of the Jamaat to offer financial sacrifices. It is through these sacrifices that all these projects are completed and are being completed and, God willing, shall be completed in the future.

May God Almighty increase the financial capacity of the members of the Jamaat and may He bless their wealth and offspring. As there was no special appeal for these projects and they were carried out using the overall budget of the Jamaat, therefore all the Jamaats around the world have a part in this. There is no distinction that certain Jamaats gave more or less. May God Almighty reward everyone and bless their wealth and offspring.

[Translated by The Review of Religions. Originally published in Al Fazl International on 3 June 2019, pp. 5-9]

Prophecies of the Promised Messiah a.s.: Prophethood of Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad a.s. and the plague

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An allegation raised by opponents of the Jamaat is that according to the second Khalifa, Hazrat Mirza Bashiruddin Mahmud Ahmadra, the founder of the Ahmadiyya Jamaat claimed to be a prophet of God in the year 1901, which shows that he was not a prophet when the outbreak of plague was at its peak in 1898. Opponents ask how the plague could act as a punishment for the deniers of the founder of Ahmadiyya Jamaat? Moreover, they assert that the people are still mocking and denying the founder of the Ahmadiyya Jamaat, so if the outbreak of the plague was a punishment of his denial, then why has it ceased to occur? And is it even possible that God sends a plague upon the denier of His wali (beloved of God)?

The Holy Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, narrated that Allah the Almighty said:

من عادی لی ولیا فقد اٰذنتہ بالحرب

“I declare war against him who shows hostility towards My beloved one” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kita al-Riqaq). The matter discussed in this Hadith-e-Qudsi (Hadith reporting God’s words) is that Allah the Almighty penalises the opponents of His beloved and this punishment may appear in the form of earthquakes, floods, tempests, diseases or wars. Hence, whichever way Allah the Almighty wills, He chastises the enemies of His dear ones.

Apart from the discussion of whether the founder of the Ahmadiyya Jamaat claimed to be a waliullah (beloved of Allah) or a nabiyullah (prophet of Allah), the founder of Ahmadiyya Jamaat said that the torment of the plague descended upon the opponents as a result of their denial and hostility towards him. Accordingly, Allah the Almighty rendered his claim truthful by safeguarding him and his family from the plague and the people of his town as compared to other towns. Moreover, those who believed him were saved far more than those who did not believe him.

As far as the claim of the opponents is concerned that according to the second Khalifa, the founder of the Ahmadiyya Jamaat claimed to be a prophet of God in the year 1901, it is absolutely false and deceitful. There is not a single reference found in the writings and lectures of Hazrat Khalifatul Masih IIra which indicates that the claim of the Promised Messiahas to be the prophet of Allah came in the year 1901 because Allah the Almighty had already granted him the station of prophethood in the era when he wrote the book, Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya. However, when an Ahmadi friend in reply to a question negated the prophethood of the Promised Messiahas in the year 1901 and said that he had not claimed to be a prophet, the Promised Messiahas declared it a huge mistake and published a booklet, Aik Ghalati ka Izala (A Misconception Removed) wherein he stated:

“Some members of my Jamaat, who are less familiar with my claim and its supporting arguments, and who have neither had the chance to study my books in depth, nor have they spent enough time in my company to be fully informed, sometimes counter an objection raised by an opponent with an answer which is entirely contrary to the facts. Thus, notwithstanding their adherence to the truth, they have to suffer embarrassment. Only a few days ago, one of them was confronted with an objection that the person to whom he had sworn allegiance claimed to be a prophet and messenger, and the reply given was a mere denial, which was not correct. The fact is that in the divine revelations of which I am the recipient, words such as ‘messenger’, ‘apostle’ and ‘prophet’ appear not once, but hundreds of times. How then can it be correct to say that such words have not at all been used? The fact is that such words are found with much greater clarity and lucidity now than ever before. Even in Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya, which was published some 22 years ago, these words appear in no small number. For instance, one of the revelations found in Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya reads:

هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَى وَدِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ

“He it is Who sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth, that He may make it prevail over every other religion, even though the idolaters may dislike it” (See Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya Part III, p. 157 [English Translation]). In this revelation, this humble one has been clearly addressed as ‘messenger’. Later on, in the same book, there is this revelation regarding myself:

جری اللّٰہ فی حلل الانبیاء

i.e., ‘Allah’s Messenger in the garb of Prophetsas’ (See Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya Part IV, p. 381 [English Translation]). In the same book, close upon the above divine communication, is this divine revelation:

مُّحَمَّدٌ رَّسُولُ اللّٰهِ ۚ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ أَشِدَّاءُ عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ رُحَمَاءُ بَيْنَهُمْ

‘Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and those who are with him are hard against the disbelievers, tender amongst themselves’, in which I have been named ‘Muhammad’ as well as ‘messenger’. Then there is this divine revelation recorded on page 557 of Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya [old edition] [Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya Part IV, p. 435 (English Translation)], ‘A Warner came unto the world’, another rendering of which is, ‘A Prophet came unto the world.’

“At several other places in Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya, I have similarly been addressed as ‘messenger’. (A Misconception Removed, pp. 1-3)

Muslims used to believe that a prophet of God is the one who brings a new divine book or abrogate certain commandments of the previous Shariah (divine law) [Saaduddin, Sharah Al-Maqasid]. As the Promised Messiahas did not do any of the things mentioned in the traditional definition of a prophet, he used to interpret the words nabi (messenger) and rasul (prophet) present in his revelations that a muhaddith (a recipient of God’s word) or a partial and a limited messenger is meant by these words. Hence, the Promised Messiahas states:

“Wherever I have denied being a prophet or messenger, it has only been in the sense that I have not brought an independent law nor am I an independent prophet. I am a messenger and prophet only in the sense that I have received spiritual grace from the Messengersa whom I follow, and, having received his name for myself, and through him, I have received knowledge of the unseen from God. But I have not come with a new law. I have never denied being called a nabi in this sense. Indeed, it is in this very sense that God has addressed me as nabi and rasul.” (A Misconception Removed, p. 10)

In the above mentioned extract, the words “an independent prophet” highlight the fact that the Promised Messiahas only denies being a prophet who claims that he has attained prophethood without the obedience and servitude of the Holy Prophetsa.

However, when the Promised Messiahas was guided by Allah the Almighty that the scholars were mistaken regarding the definition of a prophet, he left the scholars’ interpretations of his revelations and stated:

“Whosoever discloses matters of the unseen on the basis of divine knowledge would necessarily be a nabi within the connotation of the verse:

لَا يُظْهِرُ عَلَىٰ غَيْبِهِ

‘He does not grant anyone ascendancy over His domain of the unseen… [Except to him whom He chooses, namely a Messenger of His’ (Surah al-Jinn, Ch.72, V.27-28)].” (A Misconception Removed, p. 6)

The Promised Messiahas further states:

“Let it be remembered that I do not deny being a prophet and a messenger in this connotation. It is in this very connotation that the Promised Messiah has been designated a prophet in Sahih Muslim. If one who is bestowed knowledge of the unseen by God Almighty cannot be given the title of prophet, then tell me, what else should he be called? If you say that he should be called muhaddith, I would counter that no lexicon attributes to tahdith the connotation of disclosure of the unseen, while nubuwwat means the disclosure of the unseen.” (A Misconception Removed, p. 8-9)

Thus, Hazrat Khalifatul Masih IIra said:

“As he [the Promised Messiahas] was previously a messenger, he remained afterwards as well. The station of his messengership was not altered.” (Haqiqat-ul-Nubuwwah, Part I, Anwarul-Ulum, Vol. 2, p. 377)

Opponents further assert that people have not refrained from mockery and denial of the founder of Ahmadiyya Jamaat, then why is it that the plague has discontinued?

Pondering over the accounts of earlier prophets mentioned in the Holy Quran, we find that there are two kinds of torments that befall their opponents. Firstly, a torment befalls the opponents when they do not refrain from inflicting pain to a prophet even though he has duly conveyed the message of God through all possible means. For instance, Allah the Almighty sent a torment upon the nation of Noahas when they excelled in mockery, even though he kept on preaching and warning them and nobody from the opponents was able to survive. It is stated in the Holy Quran:

“And it was revealed to Noah, ‘None of thy people will believe except those who have already believed; grieve not therefore at what they have been doing. And build thou the Ark under Our eyes and [as commanded by] Our revelation. And address not Me concerning the wrongdoers. They are surely going to be drowned.’ And he was making the Ark; and every time the chiefs of his people passed by him, they mocked at him. He said, ‘If [now] you mock at us, [the time is coming when] we shall mock at you even just as you mock [now]. ‘Then you shall know who it is on whom will come a punishment that will disgrace him, and on whom will fall a lasting punishment.’ Till, when Our command came and the fountains [of the earth] gushed forth, We said, ‘Embark therein two of every kind, male and female, and thy family, except those against whom the word has already gone forth, and those who believe. And there did not believe and live with him except a few.” (Surah Hud, Ch.11, V.37-41)

Similarly, Allah the Almighty has recorded the accounts of the opponents belonging to the nations of Ad, Salehas, Lotas and Midian in Surah Hud. All of them were wiped off the face of the earth due to the first kind of torment.

The second kind of torment is the one in which some opponents are given respite, so that they may learn a lesson or only those opponents suffer from it who are explicit and blunt in opposition. For instance, those torments which befell the opponents of Mosesas, as it is stated in the Holy Quran:

فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الطُّوفَانَ وَالْجَرَادَ وَالْقُمَّلَ وَالضَّفَادِعَ وَالدَّمَ آيَاتٍ مُّفَصَّلَاتٍ فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا وَكَانُوا قَوْمًا مُّجْرِمِينَ

“Then We sent upon them the storm and the locusts, and the lice, and the frogs, and the blood – clear Signs; but they behaved proudly and were a sinful people” (Surah al-A‘raf, Ch.7, V.134). Hence, these torments did not cause the opponents to completely annihilate and the opposition to end.

Similarly in the Battle of Badr, even though Allah the Almighty declared it to be yaum-ul-furqan (the day of distinction), which was a torment for the opponents of the Holy Prophetsa, only those opponents were killed who fought against the Muslims and in fact, there were many who retreated in order to save their lives.

Thus, considering the viewpoint of the opponents, the miracle of the Battle of Badr and all those signs that were shown by the Holy Prophetsa are rendered worthless because the opposition of Muslims has not stopped to this day.

It is strange that the opponents of the Promised Messiahas do not consider this fact that countless people lost their lives due to the plague and towns were ruined. Moreover, they do not recognise that Allah the Almighty can also delay a tormentand shower His mercy upon those who seek forgiveness. There were many who repented and entered the pale of Islam Ahmadiyyat during the outbreak of plague. Thus, the Promised Messiahas stated on 28 August 1904:

“There is not a shadow of doubt that the plague has occurred as a torment. However, it is not reasonable to raise voices or objections if a number of individuals from our Jamaat pass away due to plague. The only matter to be considered is which party was at a loss and which group benefited from the plague. I can say for certain that at the time when the plague began to spread, the strength of our Jamaat was less, but presently, the total number of our Jamaat has gone beyond the figure of two hundred thousand and the plague has been a factor in this progress. The plague helped our Jamaat to increase in number and caused our opponents to decrease. I was promised that the plague would serve as a means of our progress. Thus, in accordance with this promise, our Jamaat is growing and has reached the figure of two hundred thousand. However, the opponents suffered a two-fold loss; some of them were buried in graves while others joined our Jamaat. If we were to endure any loss from it [the plague], our Jamaat, which was very small and comprised of a few individuals would have been destroyed and nobody would have survived to recognise it.” (Malfuzat, Vol. 7, pp. 160-161)

(Research conducted by a panel of scholars at the Research Cell, Rabwah. Translated by Al Hakam)

100 Years Ago… – News highlighting the progress of Ahmadiyyat

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Al Fazl, 3-7 June 1919

Hazrat Master Abdur Rahim Nayyarra

The peaceful teachings of the Ahmadiyya Jamaat and the practical display of sincerity and loyalty by Ahmadis towards Britain is generating feelings of love in the hearts of several officials. This phenomenon is not confined to India but in fact, it can be observed outside of India as well.

Hence, a friend states [from the UK] that a person who had been living with an Ahmadi from a long time went to a British officer in order to find work. When the officer began to interview the applicant and asked about his place of residence, he replied that he lived with an Ahmadi. Thereupon the following discussion took place:

Officer: Are you an Ahmadi as well?

Applicant: [Afraid that the officer might be offended by the name of an Ahmadi] No sir!

Officer: It is strange that you have been living with an Ahmadi for such a long time, but you have not accepted the truth. Go and become an Ahmadi first and come back (on a certain date).

We are grateful to Allah the Almighty that several officials have reverance for the honesty, sincerity and loyal sentiments of Ahmadis.

A pious judge

News has come in from a foreign country that opponents have filed a false case against Ahmadis. Before appearing in court, the Ahmadi lawyer handed over several books of the Ahmadiyya Jamaat to the judge in order to inform him about its beliefs. The honorable judge read these books and said:

“Before reading these books, I used to believe that the Holy Prophet[sa] was (God forbid) a dishonest and deceitful person. However, after going through these books, my point of view changed, so much so that my wife and I began to constantly repent and in fact, we became quite perturbed for our wellbeing.”

May Allah the Almighty enable him to become an Ahmadi Muslim.

An officer’s life saved

The young man who saved the life of Lieutenant […] at Hafizabad railway station was Bashir Hayat Ahmadi, son of sub-inspector, Muhammad Hayat Sahib Ahmadi. We are proud at the loyal act of this Ahmadi gentleman.

The promulgation of Ahmadiyyat in Rohilkhand

Hafiz Syed Mukhtar Ahmad Sahib Mukhtar Shahjahanpuri writes:

“During the past three years, Ahmadiyyat has progressed and continues to advance parallel to the increase in intensity and vehement opposition in several districts. Since the initiation of opponents’ gatherings, 40 individuals have accepted Ahmadiyyat in Pilibhit Bareilly and Shahjahanpur. The increase in numbers of the Ahmadiyya Jamaat during the past three years has never been witnessed before, even in decades long periods.

“It becomes evident from the current climate that as the rising opposition causes difficulty and brings about the loss of wealth and life for Ahmadis, by the grace of Allah the Almighty, it also serves as a remarkable means for the progress, promulgation and introduction of Ahmadiyyat.

“The present condition is such that in the last week of April, 15 individuals of Bareilly accepted Ahmadiyyat. Today, two young men of Shahjahanpur sent their requests of Bai‘at. Their acceptance of Ahmadiyyat will be a source of blessings for the Ahmadis of Shahjahanpur, Insha-Allah. Among these gentlemen is Syed Qutbuddin Sahib, son of Maulvi Syed Muinuddin Sahib who translated the book Napoleon Azam. It is quite fascinating that in the same week, when the wording of Maulvi Muinuddin Sahib’s translated book was presented in the article discussing an earthquake as a proof for the meaning of war to also be taken from the word ‘earthquake’, Syed Qutbuddin Sahib entered the pale of Ahmadiyyat.”

Syed Qutbuddin Sahib’s request of Bai‘at

Syedi [my master] and Maulai [my leader]; Assalamo Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuhu! During the past three months, I became well informed by reading the fine works of Jariyullah fi Hulalil Anbiya [the champion of Allah in the mantle of all the prophets], the Promised Messiah and Imam Mahdias and several books of beloved Huzoor [Hazrat Khalifatul Masih IIra]. I carried out discussions about Ahmadiyyat and listened to certain discourses. I attended non-Ahmadi gatherings that were conducted here this year and read several books of theirs. Moreover, I compared some books to each other. Consequently, Allah the Almighty granted me strength to reach this conclusion that Hazrat Jariyullahas [the Promised Messiahas] was truthful and honest in all his claims. Thus, I respectfully request beloved Huzoor to bless me with the honour of Bai‘at and pray for me to remain resolute and steadfast. Your servant, Syed Qutbuddin.”

Syed Shujaat Hussain Sahib’s request of Bai‘at

Syedi [my master] and Maulai [my leader]; Assalamo Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuhu! I had the opportunity to examine several books of the Promised Messiahas here. Once I finished reading Kitab-ul-Bariyyah, by the grace of Allah the Almighty, the truth became completely manifest upon me and I was fully satisfied that the Promised Messiahas was truthful in all his claims. Now, I wish that beloved Huzoor [Hazrat Khalifatul Masih IIra] bless me with the honour of Bai‘at and pray that I remain resolute and steadfast. Wassalam; Your humble servant, Shujaat Hussain of Shahjahanpur, Overseer at the Court of […].”

Historicity of the Holy Prophet s.a.

An archeological approach to the early Islamic History

Mohammad Luqman Majoka

MA Islamic Studies

Kaaba 1910

In 2008, interesting news was making headlines in Germany. A prominent professor who was once a Muslim, Mr Kalisch from the University of Münster had openly doubted the very existence of the Holy Prophet Muhammadsa. His assertion that there were no scientific or historical proofs of the existence of the Holy Prophetsa led him to renounce Islam, to which he had converted as a teenager (https://en.qantara.de/content/criticism-of-islamic-theologian-muhammad-kalisch-doubt-about-muhammads-existence-poses).

Muslim organisations promptly called for his immediate dismissal from his post as a professor of Islamic theology as he had denied the very foundation of Islam. The controversy lasted for many months, resulting in the ultimate decision by the university to withdraw Professor Kalisch from the faculty of Islamic theology.  

However, Mr Kalisch received a lot of support for his “scientific” stance against “conservative Muslim organisations”. Nevertheless, this objection was not novel. Three persons affiliated with the University of Saarbrücken had said the same many times before that (ibid.). This skeptical approach towards Muslim history and Muslim historical sources goes back a century to the time of famous orientalists like Goldziher, Sprenger and Schacht, who had stated then that there were no authentic sources on early Islam at all. (http://inarah.de/sammelbaende-und-artikel/inarah-band-6/grodzki-iii-zur-heutigen-situation-der-islamwissenschaften/#_edn1)

All Muslim sources, according to them, on the seerah (biography of the Prophetsa), Hadith and other historical accounts about the first century were a mere reflection of the debates and theological mindset of the second Islamic century, the time these accounts were written down.

Advancing this same theory, the so-called “revisionist school” in Islamic studies, with prominent scholars like John Wansbrough, Michael Cook and Patricia Crone, state that there are no reliable historical sources from the first Islamic century at all and the first Islamic century remained a mystery (Ohlig Puin: The Hidden Origins of Islam, [2010]). Consequently book titles like The Quest for the Historical Muhammad or Die dunkeln Anfänge (The Dark Beginnings of Islam) were at times very popular, particularly among Islam’s critics.

So, we ask ourselves, aside from the commonly referred to sources, are there any scientific and archaeological proofs for the existence of the Holy Prophetsa?

Before going into the details of the topic, it has to be said here that there is undoubtedly still much research needed on the early history of Islam. The last years have seen many projects focusing on archaeological surveys of the Arabian Peninsula, where Islam originated and first spread, but much damage has also been done to historical sites in the past.

The occupation of the Hijaz by Wahabi forces in the early 20th century led to a vast destruction of sites associated with the Holy Prophetsa and early Muslims. Moreover, the mass construction works in Mecca and Medina have also contributed to the loss of many historical sites, without them being documented properly. This has given an edge to the critics of Islam, providing them the opportunity to not only present wild theories about the beginnings of Islam but also to doubt the very authenticity of Islamic history.

The historical and archaeological research and surveys on the early history of Islam should have been a priority of Muslims themselves, but unfortunately much awareness is still needed. If this had been done earlier, we would have more archaeological evidence on the beginnings of Islam.

So, again, what scientific and archaeological evidence of the existence of the Holy Prophetsa do we have? The first historic document in this regard is the Quran itself. We know that codices and manuscripts of the Quran from the first century and probably from the time of the Khulafa-e-Rashideen still exist, as recent carbon dating on Quranic manuscripts in Birmingham or Tübingen (Germany) have shown. (www.birmingham.ac.uk/news/latest/2015/07/quran-manuscript-22-07-15.aspx; www.uni-tuebingen.de/en/university/news-and-publications/press-releases/press-releases/article/raritaet-entdeckt-koranhandschrift-stammt-aus-der-fruehzeit-des-islam.html & www.uni-tuebingen.de/en/university/news-and-publications/press-releases/press-releases/article/raritaet-entdeckt-koranhandschrift-stammt-aus-der-fruehzeit-des-islam.html)

The Quran gives us, besides mentioning the name of the Holy Prophetsa, a considerable amount of biographical information on his life and mission, for example, he was the Messenger of Allah (Surah al-Fath, Ch.48: V.30), a mercy for all peoples (Surah al-Anbiya, Ch.21: V.108), a prophet like Mosesas (Surah al-Muzzammil, Ch.73: V.16), he taught the oneness of God (Surah al-Ikhlas, Ch.112), he criticised the ills of society (Surah al-Ma‘un, Ch.107), he had a family (Surah al-Duha, Ch.93: V.9), he was an orphan (V.7), he discoursed with his religious opponents (Surah al-Baqarah, Ch.2: V.112), he had a following (Surah al-Fath, Ch.48: V.30), he was persecuted (Surah al-Hajj, Ch.22: V.40-41), he migrated with a companion and sought refuge in a cave (Surah al-Taubah, Ch.9: V.40), he was among the people of Yathrib (Medina) (Surah al-Ahzab, Ch.33: V.14), he had to defend himself against attackers (V.10-46), he had a victory in Badr and Hunayn (Surah Al-e-Imran, Ch.3: V.124 & Surah al-Taubah, Ch.9: V.25) and his followers swore allegiance to him under a tree near Mecca at one occasion (Surah al-Fath, Ch.48: V.19). These are only a few examples of the biographical information that the Holy Quran contains on the life of the Holy Prophet Muhammadsa, making it one of the most important historical sources on the life of the Holy Prophetsa.

The second oldest evidence found, thus far, on the existence of the Holy Prophetsa is interestingly a non-Muslim source. It is a note in a manuscript containing the gospels of Mark and Mathew. The manuscript is kept at the British Library under the shelf mark “BL ADD MSS 14461”. The author writes:

“… and in January, they took the word for their lives [the sons of] Emesa, and many villages were ruined with killing by [the Arabs of] Muhammad [MÙÎmd] and a great number of people were killed and captives [were taken] from Galilee as far as Bēth […] and those Arabs pitched camp beside [Damascus] […] and we saw everywhere […] and olive oil which they brought and them. And on the t[wenty six]th of May went Sacellarius … cattle […] from the vicinity of Emesa and the Romans chased them […] and on the tenth [of August] the Romans fled from the vicinity of Damascus […] many [people] some 10,000. And at the turn of the year the Romans came; and on the twentieth of August in the year n[ine hundred and forty-]seven there gathered in Gabitha […] the Romans and great many people were killed of [the R]omans, some fifty thousand”. (Hoyland, Seeing Islam as others saw it, p.117)

The year 947 AG (Alexandrian Era) in which the battle of Gabitha took place corresponds to the year 636 AD. The battle of Gabitha is known in Muslim sources as the Battle of Yarmuk (Andrew Palmer, The Seventh Century in the West-Syrian Chronicles, Liverpool [1993] p. 4), in which Khalidra bin Walid was commanding the Muslim troops (Tabari, Tarikh ar-Rusul wal-Muluk). With this decisive victory, a path was paved for further advancing in the Levant and eventually Egypt, which were very quickly conquered. The author seems to have lived in that period and may have witnessed the events. He wrote this note apparently knowing the historical significance of these unfolding events. This is one of the oldest dated historical sources mentioning the name of the Holy Prophetsa and was written only four years after his demise.

Another dated Syriac manuscript was written by Thomas, the Presbyter, a Christian priest from the Levant. He writes:

“AG 945, indiction VII: On Friday, 4 February, [i.e., 634 CE] at the ninth hour, there was a battle between the Romans and the Arabs of Muhammad [Syr. tayyaye d-Mhmt] in Palestine twelve miles east of Gaza.” (Hoyland, Seeing Islam as others saw it, p.120)

Here, again, events taking place in Palestine and Syria are described by the author. The Arabs here are mentioned as the Arabs of Muhammad [tayyaye d-Mhmt] identifying them clearly as the followers of the Holy Prophet Muhammadsa. The year 945 corresponds to the year 634 or 12 Hijra, which suggests that merely two years after the demise of the Holy Prophetsa, his name was known to this non-Muslim author.

Around the year 660, the Armenian bishop and historian, Sebeos, writes more biographical details on the Holy Prophetsa. Sebeos’ historical accounts were most probably written between 656 and 661 because he mentions in them the first civil war, the so-called first fitna, during the time of Muawiyyara. This means that these accounts were written around 30 years after the demise of the Holy Prophetsa at a time when many of the Companionsra were still alive. Sebeos writes:

Screenshot 2019 06 06 at 21.54.37
Two early Islamic inscriptions photographed by the author near Mecca in 2016. It reads:
صلوت اللہ والملکۃوالناس اجمعین علی عبد الرحمان بن کعب ابدا
تاب اللہ علی عبد الرحمان ابن کعب توبۃ نصوحا
According to the biographical compendium Tahdhib at Tahdhib, Abdur Rahman bin Kaab was the son of Kaab bin Malik al-Ansari as-Salami, a renowned companion of the Holy Prophetsa. It may be that this inscription is from his son Abdur Rahman, which, if true, would be a very interesting new find. God knows best.

“In that period a certain one of them, a man of the sons of Ishmael named Mahmed, became prominent. A sermon about the Way of Truth, supposedly at God’s command, was revealed to them, and Mahmed taught them to recognise the God of Abraham, especially since he was informed and knowledgeable about Mosaic history. Because the command had come from on High, he ordered them all to assemble together and to unite in faith. Abandoning the reverence of vain things, they turned toward the living God, who had appeared to their father Abraham. Mahmed legislated that they were not to eat carrion, not to drink wine, not to speak falsehoods, and not to commit adultery. He said: God promised that country to Abraham and to his son after him, for eternity. And what had been promised was fulfilled during that time when God loved Israel. Now, however, you are the sons of Abraham, and God shall fulfill the promise made to Abraham and his son on you. Only love the God of Abraham, and go and take the country which God gave to your father Abraham. No one can successfully resist you in war, since God is with you.” (ibid.)

Sebeos gives us, although still very sketchy, more information about the events taking place in Arabia and the new religion, showing very clearly that people outside of Arabia were familiar with the new religion and the new prophet who had appeared among the Arabs. They even knew some basic information about his teachings.  

The next interesting evidence mentions the Holy Prophetsa indirectly. It is a papyrus letter sent by a Muslim administrator in Egypt to one of his subordinate officials, admonishing him to be mindful of his duties, saying:

“In the name [of God] the Merciful, the Compassionate. From [Bayyan ibn] Qays to Yazid ibn al-Aswad and ‘Ubayd All[ah] ibn […]. Pea[ce] upo[n you. I praise God beside Whom] there is no other god. God does not like wrongdoing or corruption and as regards you, I did not appoint you to a job for you to act sinfully and behave unjustly in it […]. That which you will be sorry for and will suffer for is […to you]. […] and [… ] taking possession. Indeed, your way of thinking is despicable, (namely) that […] and you take the (financial) worth of it, even though I have […], for as regards Yazid ibn Fa‘id there is not due to him […] due to him payment, and the people of Nessana have the protection of God and the protection of His mess[eng]er. So do not reckon that we acquiesce to your corruption and injustice in respect of it.” (R Hoyland, The Earliest Attestation Of The Dhimma Of God And His Messenger And The Rediscovery Of P Nessana 77 (60s AH / 680 CE) in: B Sadeghi, AQ Ahmed, A Silverstein, R Hoyland, Islamic Cultures, Islamic Contexts – Essays In Honor Of Professor Patricia Crone, Brill [2015])

The phrase “protection of God and the protection of His messenger” (dhimmat Allah wa-dhimmat rasulihi) is a very common phrase that we also find in other Islamic sources. It is reported to have been used in many of the letters the Holy Prophetsa sent to different tribes and kings (Bayhaqi, Sunan al Kabir lil Bayhaqi, Bab hukm al-jizya). Also it is reported in a very famous Hadith of Bukhari:

“Whoever prays like us and faces our qibla and eats our slaughtered animals is a Muslim and is under Allah’s and His Prophet’s protection [dhimmatu Allahi wa-dhimmatu rasulihi]. So do not betray Allah by betraying those who are in His protection.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Bab fadhl istiqba al-qibla)

This letter from Egypt interestingly also shows that much emphasis was laid on good governance during the early Islamic period. Was someone found ignoring or disregarding their duties, they were very harshly admonished and threatened with severe punishment. This piece of papyrus is dated to 60 AH, just 30 years after the demise of the Holy Prophetsa and is one of the oldest existing Islamic sources of the world.

Till present, the oldest discovered coin mentioning the name of the Holy Prophetsa is from 66 AH. It is a dirham by Abdul-Malik ibn Abdullah, the Governor of Persia, during the short reign of Hazrat Abdullahra bin Zubair. The Arabic inscription on the side of the coin reads, “bismillah Muhammad Rasul Allah”, translating as, “In the name of Allah, Muhammad is the prophet of Allah” (H Gaube: Arabosasanidische Numismatik [1973] Handbücher Der Mittelasiatischen Numismatik, Vol. 2, Klinkhardt & Biermann: Braunschweig, p. 62).

From 71 AH Egypt, we come across an Umayyad period tombstone from Aswan. It reads:

“In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. The greatest calamity of the people of Islam [ahl al-Islam] is that which has [be]fallen them on the death of Muhammad the Prophet; may God grant him peace. This is the tomb of ‘Abassa daughter of Juraij […], son of […]. May clemency forgiveness and satisfaction of God be on her. She died on Monday fourteen days having elapsed from Dhul-Qa‘dah of the year one and seventy, confessing that there is no god but God alone without partner and that Muhammad is His servant and His apostle, may God grant him peace.” (JL Bacharach, S Anwar, Early Versions Of the Shahada, A Tombstone From Aswan Of 71 AH, The Dome Of The Rock, And Contemporary Coinage, in: Islam [2012] Vol. 89, pp. 60-69)

From the same period, we also have two very interesting Arab-Sassanian coins mentioning the name of the Holy Prophetsa in a foreign language. In Middle-Persian, the inscription of the 70 AH Coin reads:

MHMT PGTAMI Y DAT (AS Eshragh: An Interesting Arab-Sasanian Dirhem in: ONS Newsletter [2004] Vol. 178, pp. 45-46)

“Muhammad is the prophet of God.”

The second coin is a 72 AH dirham with the inscriptions:

DWHPT‘T – Seventy-two

YZDT‘-I BR’ ‘LH – One God, but He

‘HRN YZDT‘ L‘YT‘ – another god does not exist

MHMT‘ PTGMBI Y YZDT‘ – Muhammad is the Messenger of God

(MI Mochiri, The Pahlavi Forerunner Of The Umayyad Reformed Coinage in: Journal Of The Royal Asiatic Society Of Great Britain And Ireland [1981] No. 2, pp. 168-172)

The Dome of the Rock inscriptions are another important source mentioning the name of the Holy Prophetsa from the first century. The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem was built by the Umayyad ruler Abdul-Malik in 72 AH and is one of the earliest testimonies of Islamic art and architecture. It contains many inscriptions referring to the Holy Prophetsa, for example, an inscription says:

In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. There is no god but God. He is One. He has no associate. Unto Him belongeth sovereignty and unto Him belongeth praise. He quickeneth and He giveth death; and He has Power over all things. Muhammad is the servant of God and His Messenger. Lo! God and His angels shower blessings on the Prophet. O ye who believe! Ask blessings on him and salute him with a worthy salutation. The blessing of God be on him and peace be on him, and may God have mercy.” (For more details see: Andreas Kaplony, The Haram of Jerusalem, 324-1099: Temple, Friday Mosque, Area of Spiritual Power)

Another interesting document mentioning the Holy Prophetsa is an Arabic-Greek bilingual papyrus document from the year 90 or 91 AH, the time of the Umayyad Caliph Walid I. It mentions the name of the Holy Prophetsa in Greek as follows:

maamet apostolos theou …”

[Muhammad is the prophet/apostle of God.] (Grohmann, Arabic Papyri, in: The Egyptian Library, Vol. I, Egyptian Library Press: Cairo [1934] No. 13, pp. 23-25)

This is probably the first Greek translation of the phrase Muhammad Rasul-Allah.

Here I also wish to mention some inscriptions which prove the correctness of some very important events from early Islam reported to us by Muslim historians of the second century. The first is what has become known as the “Zuhayr” inscription which reads:

بسم اللّٰه انا زهير كتبت زمن توفى عمر سنة اربع وعشرين

[I, Zuhayr, wrote, at the time Umar died, the year 24.] (Ali Ghabban, R Hoyland, The inscription of Zuhayr, the oldest Islamic inscription (24 AH/AD 644–645), the rise of the Arabic script and the nature of the early Islamic state [2008])

This inscription was found in 1999 by Ali ibn Ibrahim Ghabban and his wife during a field research in the area of Ula in northern Saudi Arabia. The content of this inscription is of great importance. Firstly, this dated inscription was written during the era of the Rashidun Khulafa and more precisely, just after the election of the third Caliph Hazrat Usmanra.

The Zuhayr inscription has more historical significance. It clearly states that in the year 24, Umarra, the second Caliph, died and thus confirms the accounts given to us by the later Muslim historians, thus showing that Muslim historical accounts are reliable and do represent an important source when reconstructing early Islamic history.

Secondly the inscription shows also that diacritical marks on consonants were written even at that early age in the Arabic script, counter to the popular belief that punctuation to differentiate consonants were only very lately introduced to the Arabic script.

There also exist two papyrus documents from the time of Hazrat Umarra, one is a bilingual dated letter from the 22 AH Egypt containing a receipt of provisions given to the Muslim army (A Grohmann, I Arabische Chronologie, II Arabische Papyruskunde, Handbuch Der Orientalistik, EJ Brill). The other is a recently discovered letter by Prof Donner, which is interestingly addressed to three people, one of them being Hazrat Umarra (https://news.stanford.edu/2015/03/03/early-days-islam-030315/). The letter is still under research and is a very promising new find.

Another similar inscription mentioning the death of the third Caliph Usmanra was found in the Tayma Region of Saudi Arabia some years ago. It says:

انا قیس الکاتب ابو کتیر لعن اللّٰہ من قتل عثمان ابن عفان و من احت قتلہ تقتیلا

“I am Qays, the scribe of Abu Kutayr. Curse of God on [those] who murdered Usman ibn Affan and [those who] have led to the killing without mercy.” (F Imbert, Califes, Princes et Poètes Dans Les Graffiti du Début de l’Islam in: Romano-Arabica [2015] Vol. 15, pp. 65-66 and p. 75)

This inscription, although not dated, is most probably from the time of Hazrat Alira around the year 655. It is the first inscription confirming the events leading to the death of Hazrat Usmanra in Medina. The writer of this inscription, Qays, was much disturbed by the tragic events and therefore sent God’s wrath on those who were responsible for the Caliph’s death.

Lastly, there is another interesting inscription found some years ago near the famous city of Taif in Saudi Arabia. It reads:

“Al-Rayyan bin Abdullah testifies that there is no god but God and he testifies that Muhammad is the Messenger of God. Then [he] reiterates to those to come to testify to that, God have mercy on al-Rayyan. May He forgive him and cause him to be guided to the path of Paradise and I ask him for marytrdom in his path. Amin. This was written in the year the Masjid al-Haram was built in the seventy-eighth year.” (Nasir b Ali Al-Harithi, Naqsh Kitabi Nadar Yu‘arrikhu Imarah Al-Khalifah Al-Umawi Abd Al-Malik B. Marwan lil-Masjid Al-Haram ‘Am 78 AH, Alam Al-Makhtutat Wa Al-Nawadir [2007] Vol. 12, pp. 533-543)

Masjid al-Haram was indeed rebuilt in 78 AH after the military expedition led by the Ummayad governor Hajjaj bin Yusuf against Abdullahra ibn Zubair in Mecca. During the siege, Hajjaj had used catapults which inflicted damage to the Haram area, so much so that it had to be rebuilt or renovated (See Tabari: Tarikh ar-Rusul wal-muluk). This inscription confirms these events as mentioned by Muslim historians of the second century.

These are only few of the many archeological pieces of evidence we have to support the existence of the Holy Prophetsa and the accuracy of later Muslim historical accounts.

Beginning just shortly after the demise of the Holy Prophetsa till the late first century, the Holy Prophetsa is mentioned in many Muslim and non-Muslim sources, making him one of the best documented prophets in history.

Nevertheless there is more research needed to shed light on the early Islamic history.